The application of electric pulses to increase chemotherapeutic drug intake (bleomycin, cisplatin, or calcium) into the tumor cells.

It has become a very valuable treatment option in veterinary oncology.

It is an effective and safe treatment modality, which is not only beneficial as a palliative treatment, but also for a curative approach.

Usually, only one session is enough to achieve excellent results, but the treatment can be repeated. Several sessions can be necessary in the case of incompletely treated or very extended lesions, as well as in the occurrence of new lesions.

Intravenous bleomycin is the preferred drug and route of administration, leaving other ways of administration and drugs for selected cases.

Where can it be used?

ECT is effective for superficial or oral tumors of any histology that are accessible to the electrodes.

Cutaneous or subcutaneous tumors (primary or metastatic) of any histology, which cannot be satisfactorily treated with their respective first-line treatments

Primary or metastatic tumors affecting the quality of life due to bleeding, ulceration, or pain

Oral or Nasal tumors, as a single treatment, or in combination with surgery

Incompletely resected tumors (including surgical scars, skin flaps, and other surgical repairs), or for extending safety margins during surgery

Elective ECT treatment when other first-line therapies are possible.

When can it be used?

Risks?

Some papers for reference

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